A citation is a reference to a published or unpublished source that is not the original source. The purpose of this citation is mainly honesty. By citing a reference, the author of that particular work is attributing a part or whole of the work to some another author or even a layman and is not denoting that the idea of the work is uniquely thought by him, the author of the work. It sounds a little complicated, but a citation is required to ward off any controversies. A citation index is an index of citations between publications, allowing the user to easily establish which later documents cite which earlier documents. The history of the citation index dates back to 1965, when in a paper Derek J. de Solla Price described the inherent linking characteristic of the SCI as "Networks of Scientific Papers" and that the links between citing and cited papers became dynamic when the SCI began to be published online. Thus came out the citations and citation indices which are now a common part of many works, even reference works. Citation Indices also allow readers to get more information on that particular part of the work as information in that work is conveyed in a shorter form than that available at the cited sources.
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